Financial support is indispensable for the healthy development of textile enterprises. The central b

Financial support is indispensable for the transformation and development of textile industry. At this year's NPC and CPPCC sessions, representatives from textile enterprises made suggestions and suggestions on innovating micro-loan companies, increasing the financing supply of formal financial channels, reducing large and medium-sized enterprises-ldquo, reverse lending-rdquo, cost and other issues. Faced with the concerns of enterprises, the People's Bank of China has also responded to the financial reform and other issues: to solve the financing difficulties of private enterprises and small and micro enterprises is expensive, we need to make unremitting efforts for a long time.
What Enterprises Need
The deputies spoke their hearts.
In recent years, in order to solve the problem of high cost and heavy burden of bridge financing for small and micro enterprises, the regulatory authorities have adopted a series of policies precisely. However, some outstanding problems still exist, such as the pressure of repayment caused by enterprises & ldquo; repayment before loan & rdquo.
Feng Lichao, the representative of the National People's Congress and weaving worker of Hengsheng Branch of Shijiazhuang Changshan Beiming Science and Technology Co., Ltd., has brought voices and expectations from the front line. & The liquidity of Chinese enterprises mainly depends on short-term bank loans. When the liquidity working capital loan matures, the enterprises that still need financing must repay the loan before lending. In order to repay, enterprises must first raise a sum of funds, or even borrow high-interest funds through private lending, which brings great pressure to enterprises. ”
Take enterprises with short-term loans of about 3 billion yuan as an example, the average monthly maturity of bank loans is about 300 million yuan, that is to say, enterprises must prepare 300 million yuan of funds to pay for & ldquo; reverse loan & rdquo; otherwise, there will be a situation that loans can not be repaid when they are due. The 300 million yuan of funds are calculated at the benchmark interest rate, which is also about 15 million yuan a year, which is tight for capital and profitable level is biased. Low labor-intensive enterprises undoubtedly worsen the situation.
In addition, affected by the authority of bank loan approval and risk control, the period from application to obtaining bank loan is shorter than one to two months, and longer than several months. The minimum liquidity needed by enterprises has been withdrawn, which seriously affects the normal production and operation. If the loan renewal is not timely, there will inevitably be sustained capital shortage and even the breakdown of the capital chain.
Feng Lichao suggested that enterprises with normal operation and competitive product and service markets should learn from the practice of supporting small and micro enterprises and implement
Chen Lifen, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Jiangsu Sunshine Group Co., Ltd., has focused on how finance can promote the coordinated development of real economy and virtual economy. She pointed out that enterprises engaged in the real economy feel that it is more and more difficult to do business, and there is a widespread problem of expensive financing. The average financing cost of enterprises is about 10%, and the interest rate of private lending is as high as 3-5 times or even higher than the statutory interest rate. In the United States, Europe and the United States, ultra-low interest rates are applied daily, and the average financing cost of enterprises does not exceed 2%. Financial institutions should facilitate the flow of more loans to the real economy and small and medium-sized enterprises, especially in the direction of medium and long-term loans.
Since the approval of Wenzhou Financial Comprehensive Reform Pilot Area in 2012, Wenzhou has achieved remarkable results in alleviating “ more than two dilemmas ” problems and promoting financial service entities, “ Wenzhou sample ” has received wide attention. At the two sessions this year, Qiu Guanghe, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Wenzhou Senma Apparel Co., Ltd., introduced Wenzhou's experience, and suggested that the State Council coordinate relevant ministries and commissions to support deepening the comprehensive financial reform in Wenzhou, and that the People's Bank of China take the lead in formulating a plan for deepening the comprehensive financial reform in Wenzhou and serving the private economy.
Central Bank President Yi Gang:
Strengthen support for small and micro enterprises and private enterprises
In response to a series of problems, such as the difficulty of enterprise financing, at a press conference held at the Second Session of the Thirteenth National People's Congress in Medea Center on March 10, Yi Gang, President of the People's Bank of China, Chen Yulu, Vice-President, Pan Gongsheng, Director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, and Fan Yifei, Vice-President, responded. Specific measures included increasing loan investment, developing bond financing and setting up private enterprise stocks. Supporting tools of right financing, stabilizing and promoting equity financing of private enterprises, etc.
Yi Gang said that in 2019, the People's Bank of China will continue to implement a sound monetary policy in accordance with the requirements of the Central Committee of the Party and the State Council, guard against and defuse financial risks, better serve the real economy and promote high-quality development. He further explained that the connotation of sound monetary policy has not changed, but its structure will be more optimized and support for small and micro enterprises and private enterprises will be further strengthened. ”
Yi Gang said that in the financing cost that small and micro enterprises and private enterprises actually feel, especially in the loan interest rate, besides the risk-free interest rate, it is mainly caused by the high risk premium, so the real interest rate of loans is higher, mainly how to solve the problem of high risk premium.
& There are two main ways to solve this problem: rdquo; he said, & ldquo; the first way is the interest rate marketization reform. We should eliminate some monopolistic factors in the process of interest rate decision through reform, make risk pricing more accurately, and reduce risk premium through more adequate competition. The second way is supply-side structural reform. It can improve the transparency of information, improve the bankruptcy system, improve the efficiency of law enforcement, and reduce the rate. These supply-side structural reforms can reduce the actual transaction costs.It also reduces the risk premium. So we will work very hard to reform to reduce real interest rates. ”
Speaking of solving the problem of information asymmetry at the micro level of financial market, Chen Yulu said that at present, the credit information system in China is & ldquo; government + market & rdquo; a two-wheel-driven development model. The government-driven aspect is mainly the National Credit Information Base Database, which is under the responsibility of the People's Bank of China Credit Inquiry Center. At present, the database has access to more than 3500 banks and other financial institutions'credit information data.The credit information of 190 million natural persons, more than 260 million households and other corporate organizations; market-driven, there are 125 enterprise credit agencies and 97 credit rating agencies in the market, more than 80% of which are invested by private capital. Chen Yulu hopes that market-oriented credit reporting institutions can rapidly improve their innovation and competitiveness, and make the market credit reporting service wheel stronger and bigger.
This year, loans to small and micro enterprises of large state-owned commercial banks will increase by more than 30%. How can more enterprises enjoy the benefits of the policy?
Pan Gongsheng said that in the process of supporting small and micro enterprises and private enterprises in financing, we should pay attention to market rules, adhere to precise support, select private enterprises which are in line with the direction of national industrial development and whose main industries are relatively concentrated in the real economy, advanced technology, market-oriented products and temporarily encounter difficulties to give priority to support, prevent blind support, sudden lending, and enhance the prevention of future financial risks. Control ability.
Representative voice
Qiu Guanghe, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Wenzhou Senma Apparel Co., Ltd.
Innovation of Financial Services for Private Economy
1. To further promote the normative guidance of private capital. We should innovate the development paths of non-governmental financial organizations such as micro-loan companies, non-governmental capital management companies and rural mutual funds to guide the standardization of non-governmental capital. Private capital should be encouraged to enter the financial sector in the form of transferee equity, mergers and acquisitions and reorganization. We will improve and deepen the implementation of the Regulations on the Management of Civil Financing in Wenzhou and deepen the registration and filing mechanism for private lending. Explore the private credit enhancement service of the private lending service center, improve and enhance the functions of wealth management, financial information service intermediary and so on. Expanding & quot; Wenzhou Index & quot; Application, Exploring and Establishing the Dynamic Monitoring System of Private Financing. Make Wenzhou Civil and Commercial Bank bigger and stronger, continue to promote business, service, process and management innovation, strive to carry out pilot business such as investment and loan linkage, create benchmarks for small and micro banks and industrial chain banks, and provide “ Wenzhou sample ”.
2. To further innovate financial services for private economy. We will improve the pricing mechanism of deposit and loan interest rates, integrate the two pricing systems of deposit and loan interest rates and financial market interest rates, eliminate the dual-track system of capital prices, and ultimately achieve full market-oriented pricing of deposit and loan interest rates, thus providing experience for national promotion. We will build a comprehensive credit evaluation system for small and micro enterprises to promote the expansion of credit products such as & ldquo; Credit & Easy Credit & rdquo. We should actively take advantage of the abundant financial advantages of Wenzhou overseas people to attract foreign funds to support the development of Wenzhou's local private economy. Deepening the construction of peasant cooperation system, deepening the financing mode of peasant assets entrusted and managed, advancing the reform of confirmation, empowerment and activation rights, perfecting the supporting systems of asset value evaluation, government credit enhancement, credit evaluation, risk supplement and slow release mechanism, and improving the ability and level of financial services & quot; agriculture, countryside and farmers & quot; etc.
3. Further improve the financial risk management mechanism of private enterprises. We will deepen the pilot reform of the trial methods of enterprise bankruptcy cases and improve the cooperative mechanism of bankruptcy courts. We will continue to strengthen the construction of bankruptcy administrators and promote the improvement of supporting systems such as credit restoration for judicial bankruptcy restructuring enterprises. We will explore the establishment of a loan guarantee registration system to fully reflect the amount of guarantee and the actual solvency of enterprises, improve the transparency of guarantors'external guarantees, and restrain excessive guaranteed financing of enterprises and banks. We should guide private enterprises to regulate governance, finance and operation, and promote private enterprises to become bigger and stronger through the capital market. We should actively guide private enterprises to participate in the bond financing support plan, and seriously explore the path of private enterprises & ldquo; resolving potential risks & rdquo; and so on.
4. Further strengthen the coordination of non-governmental financial supervision. We should clarify the boundary of local financial supervision, centralize and merge the decentralized local financial industry, and form a unified and centralized local financial work system. We should improve the coordination mechanism of local financial supervision, strengthen the cooperation and cooperation between the dispatched agencies of central financial management departments and local financial management departments, and construct an effective mode of local financial supervision suitable for the requirements of the new era. We will actively explore the application of block chains, big data and cloud computing technologies in preventing and combating potential financial risks. We will use financial technologies such as block chains to build a platform for monitoring, early warning, early discovery and early disposal of non-governmental financing risks, so as to promote early identification, early warning, early detection and early disposal of risks and lay a solid foundation for local financial risk prevention and control.
Chen Lifen, deputy of the National People's Congress and chairman of Jiangsu Sunshine Group Co., Ltd.
Increasing the Financing Supply of Formal Financial Channels
1. Promoting financial reform and strengthening financial supervision.
Strengthen the supervision of non-bank financial institutions, pay close attention to the solvency and liquidity of non-bank financial institutions, improve the financial strength of non-bank financial institutions, strengthen the supervision and management of the actual controllers of non-bank financial institutions, and promote the moderate and coordinated development of China's virtual economy and real economy. “ Internet + financial ” in financial supervision system, it is possible to induce speculation in financial derivatives, especially financial innovation products, minimize financial risks, keep regulation up to the pace of innovation, promote the reform and innovation of traditional financial formats, and coordinate the development of virtual economy and real economy. We will improve the supervision standards and quality of banking, securities, insurance and credit industries, clarify the supervision responsibilities and rules for cross-cutting financial services and financial holding companies, and crack down on speculative activities in financial markets.
2. Guiding the flow of funds to the real economy.
Encouraging the return of capital to the real economy, implementing tax and fee reform, and serving as the real economy enterprisesReducing the cost and burden of the industry, creating an environment in which the rate of return on investment in the real economy is not significantly lower than that in the virtual economy. Financial institutions should facilitate the flow of more loans to the real economy and small and medium-sized enterprises, especially in the direction of medium and long-term loans. Set corresponding policy objectives for financial service institutions facing private enterprises, and maintain a moderate increase in the proportion of loans from private enterprises to new corporate loans.
3. Solve the problem of high financing cost of real economy enterprises.
We should further reduce interest rates, reduce the cost of bank liabilities, build inclusive finance, guide and increase the financing supply of formal financial channels, replace funds with high prices such as private lending, and reduce the financing cost of real economy. The government strengthens the supervision of the banking industry, supervises the banking industry to take measures to reduce the financing costs and financing costs of enterprises, strengthens the functions of the banking service enterprises, maximizes the benefit of enterprises in financing, and avoids excessive profit-seeking with enterprises. Further narrowing the interest rate gap between bank deposits and loans. We should relax access conditions, promote private finance to become part of a multi-level financing system, and reduce the price of funds through competition.
Feng Lichao, deputy of the National People's Congress and weaving lathe worker of Shijiazhuang Changshan Beiming Science and Technology Hengsheng Branch,
Reducing the cost of large and medium-sized enterprises
1. For enterprises with normal operation and competitive market in products and services, we should draw lessons from the practice of supporting small and micro enterprises and implement “ non-repayment and renewal ” to reduce the invisible financing costs for enterprises caused by borrowing new and repaying old. Renewal without repayment of capital is also a common practice in developed countries and regions. In Taiwan region of China, for enterprises with normal operation and stable cash flow, if they still need money after the maturity of loans, banks will borrow new loans to repay old ones or renew old ones. They will not allow enterprises to find high-interest bridging funds. They allow businesses to borrow new and repay old, and do not include concerns about loans. Some local banking supervisory bureaus use the non-repayment loan renewal to troubled enterprises and even state-owned enterprises. We should earnestly implement the policy requirements of the CBRC on & ldquo; Renewal & rdquo; & ldquo; revolving loan & rdquo; & ldquo; annual review system & rdquo. Private enterprises with good market prospects and honest management, but temporarily encounter difficulties, keep lending and do not draw loans. Promote non-repayment loan renewal and reduce the burden of enterprises by installment repayment of principal.
In May 2017, Heilongjiang Banking Regulatory Bureau (Heilongjiang Banking Regulatory Bureau) said at a regular press conference that it had successfully helped key state-owned enterprises such as iron and steel and coal to extricate themselves from crisis by stabilizing loans and increasing loans for enterprises with temporary difficulties in production and operation, and innovatively applying policies such as repayment of capital and renewal of loans without repayment.
2. Strengthen the construction of the banking process system, speed up the sorting out of the loan approval process, appropriately decentralize some of the loan approval authority, moderately reduce the threshold of approval, improve the efficiency of enterprise loan approval, and crack down the slow financing of enterprise loans.